Purinergic regulation: From a risky hypothesis to a triumphant theory

With the discovery of ATP structure in 1929, significant progress was made understanding role nucleosides and nucleotides body. One most important breakthroughs is associated with determination function an autacoid ATP, a participant purinergic signal transmission. For first time, this pointed out by Professor Geoffrey Burnstock 1972. Purinergic signaling activators are extracellular including ADP, UTP, UDP, adenosine nucleoside. The pathway begins synthesis intracellular accumulation nucleotides, then their release from cell under various physiological pathological conditions. In spaces, hydrolyzed enzymes removal phosphate groups, which leads to appearance regulatory molecules that interact P1 P2 receptors. This ligand-receptor interaction changes functional state target cell. turn, expression receptors depending on participation regulation development many diseases indicates changing concentration molecules, it possible change course processes, particular activity inflammation direction immune responses. article provides brief review literature nucleotide nucleoside autacoids, involved metabolism, specific